In most cases this problem tells that the built-in SQL Server 2008 has not been installed successfully so the setup wizard could not connect to it to create database and data. Probably some component required by the SQL Server is missing in the system and you need to check SQL Server setup logs to discover the issue.
The log folder is located at %programfiles%\Microsoft SQL Server\100\Setup Bootstrap\Log\. The time-stamped log folder name is in the format YYYYMMDD_hhmmss. Check Summary.txt and Detail.txt files in that folder for information. You can also zip that folder and send it as attachment to [email protected] for a quick resolution.
More information about SQL Server setup logs can be found at
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/955396/how-to-identify-sql-server-2008-setup-issues-in-the-setup-log-files