Alfred Wegener propose sa théorie d'une lente dérive des continents dans un livre de 1912 intitulé "Translation des continents" puis en 1915 dans "Genèse des continents et des océans". Il n'est pas le premier à proposer une telle hypothèse, mais il est le premier à l'étayer par un ensemble de constations issues de plusieurs disciplines comme la climatologie, la géologie et la paléontologie.
La théorie de la dérive des continents a mis du temps pour s'imposer, notamment parce que Wegener ne parvient pas à expliquer le procédé géologique qui provoque cette dérive.
Ce n'est que dans les années 1950 que de nouvelles observations (cartographie des fonds océaniques par Maurice Ewing, remontée de magma au niveau des dorsales océaniques, paléomagnétisme, mouvement de convection dans le manteau...) viennent définitivement valider les hypothèses de Wegener dans le cadre d'une théorie nommée "la tectonique des plaques".
Cliquer puis faire glisser le curseur pour parcourir les âges géologiques.From the sixteenth century, the maps are accurate enough to reveal a parallelism in the plots of the coastlines on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. Nevertheless, scientific theories retain until the early twentieth century the "creationist" view that the continents and oceans have always had the positions they currently occupy.
Alfred Wegener proposed his theory of continental drift slowly in a book in 1912 entitled "Translation continents" and in 1915 "Genesis of continents and oceans." It is not the first to propose such a hypothesis, but it is the first to support a set of findings from several disciplines such as climatology, geology and paleontology.
The theory of continental drift was slow to win, especially because Wegener fails to explain the geological process that causes this drift.
It was only in the 1950s that new observations (seabed mapping by Maurice Ewing, ascent of magma at mid-ocean ridges, paleomagnetism, convective motion in the mantle ...) are definitively validate assumptions Wegener under a theory called "plate tectonics."
Click and drag the cursor to navigate through the geological ages.
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